Due to official persecution by the Sunni Zengid dynasty that stoked escalating sectarian clashes with Sunnis, many Isma'ilis in the regions of Damascus and Aleppo are said to have fled west during the 12th century. In 1767, Zahir attempted to extend his authority to Shiite villages, but was defeated in battle and captured, eventually entering into an alliance with Nassif and the Shiites. [77] Starting in 1921 from a mere 17.2% (104,947 of 609,069), the population almost doubled to 32% by 1988 (1,325,000 of 4,044,784), with a total increase of around 1,200%,[77] the highest of any major community. [67] In the mid-1980s, several hundred Isma'ilis were thought to still live in a few communities scattered across several parts of Lebanon. These genetic studies show us there is no significant differences between the Muslims and non-Muslims of Lebanon. [72], Lebanese Shia Muslims are concentrated in south Beirut and its southern suburbs, northern and western area of the Beqaa Valley, as well as Southern Lebanon.[73]. A very conservative Shiite man may be unwilling to wear a tie. Other names cant be linked to one sect or the other: Youll find plenty of Muslims from both camps named after Mohammed or his daughter Fatima. Chebli's funeral procession ended in bloodshed. Ask the Explainer. Its not easy. However, Beirut became the only fully Latin speaking city in the whole east. [13] Al-Yunini identifies other notable Shia individuals from Baalbek in this period, including Muhammad bin Abi al-Hasan (11981278) from Baalbek, a battle-hardened fris and amir of 20 soldiers who fought the crusaders and Mongols; and Muhammad bin Muwaffaq al-Tanukhi (fl. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. For example, Najm ad-Din adopted the pseudonym "the bald king". famous roberts surname; does dentaquest cover crowns. There are over fifteen different officially recognised religious sects in Lebanon. A very pious Sunni man in Iraqmay wear a long beard, and a pious Sunni woman might cover her face except for the eyes. [8], The Lebanese Sunni Muslims initially opposed the creation of the Lebanese state separated from Syria, where the majority of the population was also Sunni Muslim, and wanted the territory of present-day Lebanon to be incorporated within the so-called Greater Syria. to guarantee confidentiality, mandated reporters are not required; Select Page. While governmental Sunni religious institutions and figures such as Abdel Malik Saadi, Rafi Rifii, and senior clerics of the Sunni Endowmentsan institution that was perceived to be infiltrated by sympathizers of Iraq's Muslim Brotherhoodplayed some role in mobilizing Arab Sunnis in the Anbar sit-ins, the institutional landscape has changed Which Pakistani actress are Shia? [13] The deep crisis of the Abbasid dynasty during the decade-long Anarchy at Samarra (c. 861870), the rise of breakaway and autonomous regimes in the provinces, the large-scale Zanj Rebellion (c. 869883), the establishment of Qarmatian Isma'ilis in 899 in Syria,[16] and the rise of the Twelver Shiite Hamdanids in northern Syria in 930 who transformed Aleppo into a Shia hub,[15] all acted catalysts for the further rise of Shiism. 1221), one of Baalbek's few Shia scholars at the time, took the initiative and retreated to the slopes of Mount Lebanon, where he was joined by ten thousand guerillas according to 13th century historian al-Yunini, a number surely exaggerated. Isma'ilis hold that Isma'il ibn Jafar was the true seventh imam, and not Musa al-Kadhim as the Twelvers believe. [81], Haplogroup J2 is also a significant marker throughout Lebanon (29%). [11] As the Muslim conquest of the Levant reached Lebanon, these Arab tribes received the most power which encouraged the non-Arabic-speaking population to adopt Arabic as the main language. During Saladin's siege of Beaufort castle, military units from Jabal Amel, likely those of Husam ad-Din Bishara, came to his aid and replaced his forces as he marched to repel a crusader invasion of Acre. [84] Other haplogroups present among Lebanese Shia include E1b1b (17%), G-M201 (10%), R1b, and T-L206 occurring at smaller, but significant rates. [23] Husam ad-Din also participated in the Battle of Hattin and was one of the commanders of Saladin's right flank during the Siege of Acre in 11891191, according to Imad ad-Din al-Isfahani. It is an Arabic epithet and honorific title of the Prophet. [44] This institution since 1920 headquartered in Beirut- oversaw every educational policy regarding public and private school in the mandate territories. On the coast, Tyre prospered under the Romans and was allowed to keep much of its independence as a "civitas foederata". In the Bekaa valley, the Shiites joined the Druze in ravaging Zahle and Baalbek after being alienated by the Zahalni (townsfolk of Zahle). [52] The seven villages are Qadas, Nabi Yusha, al-Malikiyya, Hunin, Tarbikha, Abil al-Qamh, and Saliha. [49] The institutionalization of Shia Islam during this period provoked discussions between Shiite scholars and clergy about how Shiite orthodoxy should be defined. The admixtures were tied to the Sea Peoples of the Late Bronze Age collapse, Central/South Asians and Ottoman Turks respectively. Forty years in the wilderness, away from the flesh-pots of Egypt, had entailed harsh habits, the counted date and the hoarded water; nor had a thousand years in the wilderness of a Christian world, where only the secret treasure was safe, encouraged display; but the world was altering, the desert was flowering; in stray corners here and there . What are some of the most common family names in Lebanon? [24], By the early 14th century, Jabal Amel was becoming the Twelver Shia center of the Levant. [25] In Mount Lebanon, the Hamada family were among the earliest identified Shia families, reportedly serving as tax-collectors in the district of Mamluk Tripoli as early as 1471, in the region Dinniyeh. [17] A study done by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) in 1985 put the numbers of Sunnis at 27% of the population (595,000 of 2,228,000). shia surnames in pakistan. In order to bring their demands (mulabiyya) to the attention of the French authorities, petitions were signed and presented to the French High Commissioner and the Service de l'Instruction Publique. [36], During the 19361939 Arab revolt in Palestine, Southerners had a key role in providing ammunition and assistance to the Palestinian rebels, and the revolt was in fact co-administered from Bint Jbeil. (However, in a country that had last census in 1932, it is difficult to have correct population estimates) The Lebanese Sunni Muslims are highly concentrated in Lebanon's . [13], Most of Jabal Amel regained its autonomy under Husam ad-Din Bechara, a presumably local Shiite officer of Saladin who participated in the capture of Jabal Amel and became its lord from 1187 until 1200. Nu bn mun chi l tng ngy hay nui lu di hn th ch cn click chn vo nhng ng link m chng ti phn loi theo tng mc trang ch sau ko xung l s thy c nhng con s m chuyn gia cht sn ri. The makeshift 24th MEU base is a sort of Fort Apache, in the middle of a pretty hostile Iraqi Sunni Muslim population. The great majority of Shia Muslims in Lebanon are Twelvers. Very religious families might decorate their homes with religious posters or signs specific to their sect. This marker is found in many inhabitants of Lebanon, regardless of religion, signals pre-Arab descendants, including the Phoenicians. "[8], Lebanon throughout its history was home of many historic peoples who inhabited the region. [9], During Roman rule, Aramaic became the lingua franca of the entire Levant and Lebanon, replacing spoken Phoenician on the coast, while Greek was used as language of administration, education and trading. what the Shi'ites did for the Christians in the south will be cherished in our hearts for as long as Lebanon and the Christians remain. shia surnames in pakistan. What does Mustafa mean in Arabic? For example, discussions about the mourning of the martyrdom of Imam Husain during Ashura, which was a clandestine affair before the 1920s and 1930s, led to its transformation into a public ceremony.[50]. Yunus' deep rivalries with Fakhreddine eventually culminated in the Battle of Anjar in 1623, which ended with the confirmation of Yunus' other son, Ali, as the Bekaa's multezim. The Mouslimani family includes 3799 members distributed as follows: The Derzi family includes 1265 members distributed as follows: The Qobti family includes 279 members distributed as follows: The Keldani family includes 134 members distributed as follows: The Seryani family includes 118 members distributed as follows: This family consists of both Christian and Muslim members amounting to 2770. Local analysis often stresses that the growth of Sunni extremism in Lebanon is the . Isma'ilism, or "Sevener Shi'ism", is a branch of Shia Islam which emerged in 765 from a disagreement over the succession to Muhammad. Note that the following percentages are estimates only. Sunni clerics in Iraq rarely don a black turban, and the white headpieces they do wear look markedly different from the Shiite versions. Lebanese Christians (95%), Shia Muslims (95%) and Sunni Muslims (86%) all . [6][7] Moreover, Tripoli, the stronghold of the Lebanese Sunnis, is also the birthplace of Lebanon's Salafi Movement. Al-Jazzar was initially on good terms with Nassif, but their alliance reached a bad point some time in 1781. During the Iron Age, the Bekaa was dominated by the Aramaeans, who formed kingdoms nearby in Damascus and Hamath, and established the kingdom of Aram-Zobah where Hazael might have been born, and was later also settled by Itureans, who were likely Arabs themselves. They include persons with surnames of Bhatt, Mir, Wage, Malik, Dev, Wani, Ganai, Dar, . Protect their lives and possessions as you do to your own. One who is brave, bold and courageous. The factory was bought in the late 1960s by the Madhvani Group under the direction of Isma'ili entrepreneur Abdel-Hamid al-Fil after the Aga Khan personally brought the two into contact. At some times, the Shiites also fought the Druze, who at Jbaa attacked and wounded their religious chief who was sheltering a Christian refugee, and proceeded to loot his home. The deadliest exchange took place last June, when seven people were killed and more than 60 wounded, after Sunni Muslims staged a protest against the Syrian government. [28] The Harfush and Hamade families received iltizam over the Bekaa valley and northern Mount Lebanon respectively, while Jabal Amel consisted of several nawahi governed by multiple families, until Ali al-Saghirs seized most of Jabal Amel by 1649. [2], Under the terms of an unwritten agreement known as the National Pact between the various political and religious leaders of Lebanon, Sunni notables traditionally held power in the Lebanese state together, and they are still the only ones eligible for the post of Prime Minister. [41] Sectarian violence in Iraq last week resulted in 379 deaths and 458 wounded, the Iraqi government announced on Tuesday. There are 64 Maronite Maseehi members registered in Sahel Alma (Kessrouan). club xl harrisburg capacity; pivotal group snapnurse; what happened to sofia's daughter in john wick 3; rachel lavine robbie kaplan; [14] According to al-Muhajir, this Shiite presence in the Bekaa was later reinforced by migrants from Mount Lebanon following the Mamluk and Ottoman campaigns against Shiites in the 14th and 17th centuries respectively, as well as migrants from the Shia villages in Anti-Lebanon Mountains, where the Harfush dynasty originated from. The Harfushes were first identified by late-Mamluk historian Ibn Tawq as muqaddams of the Anti-Lebanon mountain villages al-Jebbeh and Assal al-Ward as early as 1483, and later as deputies of Baalbek in 1498 by historians Ibn Homsi and Ibn Tulun. 35. You can also tell a Sunni from a Shiite based on where he goes to pray: Locals would know the affiliation of each mosque, and outsiders may be able to tell by reading the banners or inscriptions. You can subscribe to "The Monthly" magazine by calling : 01-983008/9. This tradition makes it more likely that a man named Ali, Hassan, or Hussein would be a Shiite.
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