Mentioned as a possible F5 by Grazulis. The Tupelo, Mississippi F5 of April 5, 1936. Severe, Forecasts A majority of the April 2020 tornadoes occurred across Southern and Southeastern states from Texas to Florida to North Carolina. March 2, 2023, 11:54 a.m. On Local 6 at 10, hear from someone who's staying at the school for safety in light of the December tornado in Mayfield. This information has been compiled from the Storm Data database at the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI, formerly NCDC), as well as local archives of tornado events that occurred across Mississippi from 1950 - 2021. These were all weaker tornadoes that caused mostly minor damage to farmsteads, homes and other infrastructure. The following U.S. studies performed by SPC meteorologists offer deeper context and discussion regarding the frequency and distribution of tornado intensity climatologies: February US Release: Wed, 8 Mar 2023, 11:00 AM EST, local National Weather Service forecast offices. The same line of storms caused damage about 50 miles southwest of Tupelo, in the town of Calhoun City. The first notable tornado day in 2020 was January 10, as 50 tornadoes were confirmed across Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Arkansas, Tennessee, and Missouri. The folks who live here are accustomed to periods of real active weather, Carpenter acknowledged. Published These tornadoes caused extensive damage and three deaths. There was a problem saving your notification. By summer, tornadoes can occur virtually anywhere nationwide because warmth and humidity are the most widespread of any time of the year. Click through the slideshow below to see where the average tornado risk area is during each month. An EF1 tornado touched down less than three miles from the elementary school. Historically, the highest threat oftornadoes migrates from the South into parts of the Plains and Midwest as we advance through April, May and June. (1950 - 2020), Current Hazards Nationwide Sorry, the location you searched for was not found. 12:45 p.m.: Suspected tornado passes through Newton. 181 deaths. In addition to the widespread damage across many states, there were also 10 fatalities and numerous injuries. All of these were EF-2, EF-1 or EF-0 tornadoes that caused damage to homes, businesses and vehicles. Homes were completely destroyed, trees and shrubbery are debarked. I know lots of people that do the same exact thing.. Nearly all of these April tornadoes occurred during four multi-day events (April 7-8, April 12-13, April 19 and April 22-23). This tornado was retroactively listed as an F5. There were no tornado-related fatalities. Trees in a few homes. There is a history of catastrophic tornadoes in the mid-Mississippi Valley - such as the Tri-State outbreak in 1825, the outbreak in 1890 that affected a similar area, and an outbreak even further east in 1974. They have produced numerous tornadoes and caused numerous lives to be rattled. This was below the 1991-2010 U.S. annual average of 1,251 tornadoes. This tornado produced damage to homes, businesses, vehicles, farms and other infrastruture. Events happening this weekend in Mississippi: March 3-5 - wjtv.com Video from CNN affiliate WCBI showed crews trying to clean up streets littered with uprooted trees and power poles. Shawn Triplett lived through the storm and noted every time theres severe weather now, they pack up and leave home. (NWS Jackson) There were no tornado-related fatalities. Source: SPC. 2:56 AM EDT, Mon May 3, 2021. Many of the structures were reduced to bare foundations, leaving "no trace of lumber or contents." Although strong tornadoes can occur in any month, weather history shows that April, May and June are the months with the highest potential of having both the greatest number of tornadoes and the most violent tornadoes in a given year. Find a list of the most deadly and intense tornadoes in the U.S. with casualty information. The days with the highest count of tornadoes and notable impacts are noted below in chronological order. Catastrophic December tornadoes slam Mid-Mississippi Valley (2004). One entire farm was swept completely away. Tornadoes in Mississippi since 1950 | clarionledger.com This was the longest-tracked tornado on record in Kentucky and was a U.S. record tornado track length for the month of December. A church "disappeared" and one home "seemed to evaporate into the air." This tornado is only listed as an F5 by the NCDC Technical Memorandum, and is not listed at all by Grazulis or any other sources, and is therefore a possible typographical error in the memorandum. The following 85 pages are in this category, out of 85 total. Weather-Ready Nation A barn was destroyed and trees still standing were denuded, a flatbed truck rolled over, a car was torn apart with only the frame remaining nearby. Severe Weather Statistics - National Weather Service (WJTV) - Take some time to unwind with friends, family or yourself this weekend. This can be due to some phenomena being inaccurately reported as tornadic activity or a single tornado being reported multiple times. As severe weather or blizzards threaten, this database scrapes power outage information from more than 1,000 companies nationwide. The most prolific months during 2021 for tornadoes were March, May, July and December, as each of these months reported 150 or more tornadoes. There were also 5 fatalities in Alabama. Considered to be a possible F5 by Grazulis. Officially rated F4, this tornado struck the farmstead near Marion, North Dakota causing extreme damage. Hydrology In total, 57 of these tornadoes have been rated F5 and ten have been rated EF5. 20 farms were destroyed, some of which were obliterated. Visit: NOAA's National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) compiled the 20-year annual average for every state based on data from 1991 to 2010. In Kentucky, one. [15][16] From 1950 to 1970, tornadoes were assessed retrospectively, primarily using information recorded in government databases, as well as newspaper photographs and eyewitness accounts. Most of Worth was destroyed. This was the first December derecho on record to occur within the United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration I just took it for granted that with most of the warnings Ive never had anything affect me, Dickerson admitted. There were many reports of hurricane-force thunderstorm wind gusts and more than 50 tornadoes causing widespread damage to homes, vehicles, businesses and infrastructure. Homes and entire farms were swept away, and cars were carried for hundreds of yards. 3, 2006 40th Anniversary of the Candlestick Park Tornado", "Tornado Plows Horrible Swath; 60 Known Dead", "Washburn university Devastation and Recovery", "A list of the top 10 worst tornadoes in Texas history", "ERRORS, ODDITIES and ARTIFACTS in U.S. TORNADO DATA, 19952021", "From domestic to international: Tornadoes around the world | United States Tornadoes", "April 3-4, 1974 Limestone County Tornado Damage", "The Forgotten F5: The Lawrence County Supercell During the Middle Tennessee Tornado Outbreak of 16 April 1998", "Top 10 Weather Events in the 20th Century For Alabama", "March 26, 1976 F-5 SPIRO OKLAHOMA TORNADO", "Tornado Outbreak of May 31, 1985 - Pictures", "Kansas twister might be the strongest ever recorded", "The Fort Scott Tribune - Google News Archive Search", "Kansas tornado survivors take 'shelter from the stormy blast', "Chandler-Lake Wilson Minnesota F5 Tornado of June 16, 1992 - Figure 6", "Oakfield, Wisconsin Tornado Storm report", "Jarrell, Texas Tornado Damage - May 27, 1997", "Warning Response and Risk Behavior in the Oak Grove - Birmingham, Alabama, Tornado of 08 April 1998", "The Great Plains Tornado Outbreak of May 3-4, 1999 - Storm A Information", "Storm Events Database - Event Details - National Centers for Environmental Information", "Discriminating EF4 and EF5 Tornado Damage", https://ams.confex.com/ams/pdfpapers/141718.pdf, Elie Tornado Upgraded to Highest Level on Damage Scale: Canada's First Official F5 Tornado, "Details of the Parkersburg Storm Damage Survey", https://ams.confex.com/ams/pdfpapers/141533.pdf, "Neshoba/Kemper/Winston/Noxubee Counties Tornado", "NWS Southern Region News - Smithville, Mississippi EF5 Tornado Damage", "The Smithville, MS EF-5 Tornado April 27, 2011", "Hackleburg (Marion County) EF-5 Tornado April 27, 2011", "Franklin (AL) / Lawrence / Morgan / Limestone / Madison / Franklin (TN) EF-5", "National Weather Service Huntsville, AL - DeKalb County Survey Information", "National Weather Service Springfield, MO - Event Review - May 22, 2011", "New Engineering Study Finds No EF5 Damage in Joplin - weather.com", "Supplemental Damage Indicators Discovered in Recent Strong Tornadoes", "Performance of residences and shelters in the Oklahoma tornadoes of 24 May 2011", "Tornado B2 - The Calumet-El Reno-Piedmont-Guthrie Tornado of May 24, 2011", "Some Considerations for the Use of High-Resolution Mobile Radar Data in Tornado Intensity Determination", "Damage Survey and Analysis of the 20 May 2013 Newcastle-Moore, OK, EF-5 Tornado (Presentation)", "Damage Survey and Analysis of the 20 May 2013 Newcastle-Moore, OK, EF-5 Tornado", "May 21, 1952 F4 MississippiTennessee Event", "Tornado Death Toll Reaches 4 At Primrose", "Life Cycle of the Union City, Oklahoma Tornado and Comparison with Waterspouts", 10.1175/1520-0493(1978)106<0003:LCOTUC>2.0.CO;2, "Violent Tornadoes (F4/F5/EF-4/EF-5) in Oklahoma (1950-Present)", "1984 Ivanovo tornado outbreak: Determination of actual tornado tracks with satellite data", "CASE STUDY: Severe Thunder Storms and Bucca Tornado, 29th November 1992", 10.1175/1520-0493(2003)131<2197:TKTDVD>2.0.CO;2, https://www.weather.gov/media/ama/amator_dbase.xlsx, "The 30 May 1998 Spencer, South Dakota, Storm. List of F5 and EF5 tornadoes - Wikipedia These tornadoes caused extensive damage but no deaths. Most of the deaths were from flatboats on the river that were picked up and flung around, killing crew and passengers on each. Local Mississippi Breaking News Story from CBS 12 New WJTV, your Jackson, MS news leader JACKSON, Miss. On October 9, there were eight tornadoes that formed in Minnesota, South Dakota and North Dakota. Open this link to view a list of storm shelters. CNN Sans & 2016 Cable News Network. Possible F5/EF5/T10+ tornadoes officially rated F4/EF4/T9 or lower, Possible F5/EF5/T10+ tornadoes with no official rating. Air Quality This is followed by June and April, which average 196 and 194 tornadoes per year, respectively. The first episode was April 7-8 where a combined 34 tornadoes affected southern Ohio, Indiana and northern Kentucky. Weather Prediction Center forecasts the probability that rainfall will exceed flash flood guidance within 25 miles of a point. February 27th - March 3rd is Gulf Coast Rip Current Awareness Week. Other parts of the Plains and Midwest also have a high number of tornadoes annually. U.S. Tornadoes - infoplease.com Tornado scars can be see in Mississippi on satellite after severe storms on Easter Sunday, including a violent tornado that traveled over 60 miles. Mayfield's downtown district was heavily damaged. A tornado watch was issued Wednesday for parts of Mississippi, Arkansas, Oklahoma, Tennessee and Texas until 10 p.m. CST, according to the National Weather Service in Jackson. [6] The Enhanced Fujita scale is used predominantly in North America. Three farms were "wiped out of existence" with only "bits of kindling" remaining on the foundations. There were at least 5 injuries but no tornado-related fatalities. This tornado also caused considerable destruction to homes, warehouses, vehicles, farms and other infrastruture. These tornadoes caused mostly minor damage to homes, vegetation and infrastructure. A total of 38 people were killed, 270 others were injured, and damages were estimated at $25 million (1953 USD) in damage. Tornadoes and Severe Weather Across the South Leave Dozens Dead - The Rated F5 by Grazulis as two farms were swept away. During this three-day period many of these tornadoes were rated as either EF-1 or EF-0, but there were also nine EF-2, three EF-3 and one EF-4 tornado. 2. Outlook One farm appeared to show potential F5 damage to a home that was swept completely away. A school disintegrated, and two farms were swept away. Recreation Forecast, Current Weather Produced possible F5 damage over farmland north of Martin according to Grazulis. However, there were several EF-2 tornadoes and one EF-3 tornado across coastal North Carolina and Virginia due to Isaias. F5 and EF5 Tornadoes of the United States - 1950-present (SPC) List of deadliest tornadoes in US since 1900 | AP News Historical information (before 1950) was . and hail caused damage to Texas, Oklahoma, Iowa, and Nebraska. A large ranch home and farms were swept away. These were all either EF-1 or EF-0 tornadoes that impacted Mobile and Baldwin Counties in Alabama and Jackson County, Mississippi. Most of these tornadoes occurred prior to 1950, before tornadoes were rated according to standardized damage assessments, and their unofficial classifications as F5/EF5/T10+ or equivalent have been made in retrospect, largely on the basis of photographic analysis and eyewitness accounts. Mississippi weather updates: Tornados possible, high winds expected Its victims (both people and cattle) were reportedly carried up to half a mile. You have permission to edit this article. This outbreak produced two long-tracked EF-4 tornadoes across Arkansas, Missouri, Tennessee and Kentucky. There were no fatalities from this EF-3 tornado. Historically, for every 100 preliminary tornado reports, at least 65 tornadoes are confirmed. Fortunately we have had no reports at this time of injuries, Calhoun County Sheriff Greg Pollan wrote in a Facebook post. The following are tornado statistics for the state of Mississippi. NCEI U.S. Tornadoes, January-December 2021 Tornado Occurrences Texas and Kansas average the most tornadoes each year. And that draws even more anxiety than most weather problems would do, Triplett pointed out, as he mentioned the PTSD many residents in the area still feel today. Multiple locations were found. Tornadoes also touched down in Mississippi, Tennessee, and Alabama causing severe damage and loss of life. The most severe damage was in Cedar Grove and Mullica Hill, New Jersey where many homes sustained significant damage. Local, Weather Safety Tornado Database In fact, nationwide, the tornado count is way up compared to the average. Aviation Florida is in a scramble to re-energize the state as quickly as possible. Tornadoes are among the most violent known meteorological phenomena. It followed the Mississippi River, clearing forest on both sides of the river. On March 17, there were 56 tornadoes that impacted several states including Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, Florida, Arkansas and Missouri. The month of April also had several tornado outbreaks. There was EF-2 damage in Anadarko, Oklahoma, in which numerous structures were damaged or destroyed including homes, barns and vehicles. This is a list of tornadoes which have been officially or unofficially labeled as F5, EF5, T10-T11, IF5, or an equivalent rating, the highest possible ratings on the various tornado intensity scales. This event also produced the first December tornado on record in Minnesota since 1950, with 20 tornadoes reported across southeast Minnesota. However, on September 1, another rain-wrapped EF-2 tornado in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania did cause one fatality. The Most Devastating Tornados By Fatalities - WorldAtlas There was one reported injury but no tornado-related fatalities. 158 deaths. Rated F4 by Grazulis. This massive tornado swept away or leveled 235 out of 247 structures, more than 90% of the town, killing or injuring a third of the population. Hundreds of people went to Mayfield Elementary to seek shelter, and to seek each other, quite possibly. Natural Hazard Statistics, Additional Info Storm Reports Eight tornadoes touched down in the parts of central Mississippi on Sunday, the national weather service in Jackson said, including in the area of Yazoo City where an EF-1 with 110 mph peak. The January 10-11 tornadoes and associated severe weather caused substantial property damage across many states including Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, Arkansas, Tennessee, Kentucky and Missouri. Location - Extreme eastern Mississippi and western Alabama. Because the distinctions between F4/EF4/T9 and F5/EF5/T10 tornadoes are often ambiguous, the official ratings of numerous other tornadoes formally rated below F5/EF5/T10 or equivalent have been disputed, with certain government sources or independent studies contradicting the official record. Every Wednesday for the past month has been either a tornado warning or watching the news to see if you need to get your safe spot, he recalled. December 16th Tornado Outbreak: List of Confirmed Tornadoes In total, this three-day event produced six EF-2, 35 EF-1 and 38 EF-0 tornadoes that collectively caused damage to homes, businesses and vehicles. The two most active states for tornadoes are Texas, with 155, and Kansas, with 96, in an average year. Weve seen it in all seasons, Bunting explained. Two barns were leveled and a pickup truck was carried .5mi (0.80km) through the air. A secondary peak in tornado activity occurs in the fall in the Gulf Coast states, some of which can be attributed to tropical storms and hurricanes. He explained the placement of the jet stream is driving the storms, and how storms following similar patterns is not as uncommon as you might think. Tornado outbreak sequence of May 25June 1, 1917, Tornado outbreak sequence of December 16, 1953, List of tornadoes in the tornado outbreak sequence of April 25, 1957, Tornado outbreak sequence of April 25, 1957, Tornado outbreak of April 30 May 2, 1967, 2002 Veterans Day weekend tornado outbreak, Tornado outbreak of April 30 May 2, 2010, Tornado outbreak sequence of April 1924, 2011, Tornado outbreak sequence of March 1824, 2012, List of tornadoes in the tornado outbreak of April 2730, 2014, Late December 2012 North American storm complex, Tornado outbreak sequence of April 1719, 1970, Tornado outbreak sequence of January 711, 2008, List of tornadoes in the 1999 Oklahoma tornado outbreak, List of tornadoes in the May 2003 tornado outbreak sequence, Tornado outbreak sequence of March 2428, 2021, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Tornadoes_in_Mississippi&oldid=589044787, This page was last edited on 3 January 2014, at 22:18. As of February 1, 2007, tornadoes in the United States are rated using the Enhanced Fujita Scale, which replaced the Fujita scale in order to more accurately correlate tornadic intensity with damage indicators and to augment and refine damage descriptors. For additional information on specific tornado and severe weather events during 2020, please visit our monthly reports, the Billion Dollar weather disasters report, the Storm Events Database, and NOAA's Storm Prediction Center. Category:Tornadoes in Mississippi - Wikipedia Tornado Database Please select one of the following: Situational Awareness for Everyone (SAFE) Page, Latest Public Information Statement (PNS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. CNNs Chris Boyette contributed to this report. On March 13, there were 27 tornadoes that were clustered in the Texas Panhandle. These tornadoes caused damage to homes, businesses, vehicles, farms and other infrastructure. These tornadoes produced scattered damage to homes, farms, vegetation and infrastructure and there were no fatalities. weather.gov : Site Map: News: Organization : Search for: SPC NCEP All NOAA : Local forecast by "City, St" or "ZIP" SPC on Facebook @NWSSPC. The majority of these tornadoes were EF-1 or EF-0 with numerous EF-U tornadoes that were clustered in Louisiana and Minnesota on May 17 and 19, respectively. May 22, 2011, in Joplin, Missouri. In the United States, between 1950 and January 31, 2007, a total of 50 tornadoes were officially rated F5, and since February 1, 2007, a total of nine tornadoes have been officially rated EF5. Several other tornadoes have also been documented as possibly attaining this status, though they are not officially rated as such. Natural Hazard Statistics, Additional Info A second EF-3 tornado impacted several towns beginning west of Fredericktown, Missouri to Junction City, Missouri. Listed as a "questionable" F5 in the NCDC Tech Memo. So far this year, the US has had 562 preliminary tornado reports. Maps: Where the Tornadoes Struck, Destroying Buildings and Homes Most counties under Tornado Watch until 10 p.m. | | wtva.com Officially rated high-end F4, though one survey revealed potential F5 damage. Catastrophic December tornadoes slam Mid-Mississippi Valley More than 100 people may have died, and one tornadic storm traveled more than 200 miles. The Tornado Monthly Climate Reports are written using the preliminary numbers because the final data is not available at the time of production. We anticipate three times when severe weather is likely. The majority of the 2020 tornadoes occurred during April and May with another peak month in August. Parts of two farms and some homes swept away, but they may have been hit by both tornadoes, thus the uncertainty of a possible F5. I spoke with Bill Bunting, chief of forecast operations at the Storm Prediction Center (SPC) a few weeks ago about how storms have been hitting the same areas week after week. This one-day outbreak across Iowa was one of Iowa's most prolific tornado-producing days in decades. The next episode occurred on April 12-13 and produced at least 140 confirmed tornadoes from Texas to Maryland including 3 EF4s, 12 EF3s, 20 EF2s, 77 EF1s and 28 EF0s. Data shows the location and intensity of drought across the country. The National Weather Service reported structural, roof and fence damage in Newton caused by a tornado Tuesday morning. 2 dead as tornadoes touch down in South - ABC News There was scattered damage and one fatality. A homeowner stands in the middle of his trailer home cut in half by a tornado which touched down in Vancleave, Mississippi, on March 31, 2022. With 32 tornado-related fatalities reported, this was the deadliest tornado outbreak since April 27-30, 2014. Aviation The majority of these tornadoes were EF-1 or EF-0 with several EF-2 tornadoes in Mississippi and Alabama. At least 6 injuries were reported, but no fatalities were associated with this event. There were at least 50 tornado reports during the outbreak this weekend in Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Mississippi, Missouri, Ohio, and Tennessee, according to the Storm Prediction. This is a map and list of tornadoes since 1950 which the National Weather Service has rated F5 (before 2007) or EF5 (equivalent, 2007 onward, the most intense damage category on the Fujita and Enhanced Fujita damage scales. The majority of these tornadoes were EF-1 or EF-0 with several EF-2 tornadoes in Mississippi and Alabama. The majority of the tornadoes formed along a line from southwestern Nebraska into central Kansas. The tornado hit only 8mi (13km) northwest of downtown. Location - All of the WTVA viewing area, higher risk in northern half. As storms strike, this interactive map is your guide to impacts and damage reports coming into National Weather Service stations nationwide. Central Mississippi faced 76 tornadoes in just 35 days this spring | CNN A homeowner stands in the middle of his trailer home cut in half by a tornado which touched down in Vancleave,. Wireless Alerts The Northeast and the West have the lowest number of annual tornadoes. This list may not reflect recent changes. Your effort and contribution in providing this feedback is much List of United States Tornado Emergencies (Casey) In fact, this photo was posted on Twitter on April 13 when severe weather struck the same region. Light poles have been snapped off. The yellow-shaded states in the mid-Atlantic, Great Lakes, Ohio Valley, mid-South, parts of the Southeast, as well as Montana, Wyoming, New Mexico and California, typically have between 10 and 30 tornadoes in an average year. CoCoRaHS Another day of tornado activity was April 19, as 28 tornadoes were scattered along the Gulf coast states from Texas to Florida. The red-shaded states, including Florida, Illinois, Iowa . Six hundred buildings were destroyed, and some areas were swept clean of all debris. Please try another search. There were two fatalities. Tornado Statistics for Mississippi (1950 - 2021) The following are tornado statistics for the state of Mississippi. An entire section of the town was swept away. Well-built homes were swept away in four counties with F5 damage in the town of Pomeroy. Eleven farms were completely leveled or swept away. The red-shaded states, including Florida, Illinois, Iowa, Nebraska, Oklahoma and Colorado, typically have between 51 and 66 tornadoes annually. Unless otherwise noted, the source of the F5 rating is the U.S. National Weather Service (NWS), as shown in the archives of the Storm Prediction Center (SPC) and National Climatic Data Center (NCDC). 0. Dead bodies were carried .25mi (0.40km) away. She's a graduate of Amory High School and Mississippi State University. At least three cities in Mississippi reported damage after a line of severe storms and tornadoes tore through the state Sunday. Severe Weather Annual 2020 Tornadoes Report | National Centers for Environmental This was the first EF-3 tornado in Pennsylvania since 2004. This tornado impacted several farms, including one where a "fine new residence" was swept completely away. Columbus AFB The Plains will see a threat for severe weather by Friday, as a strong area of low pressure moves into the region from the Rockies. Visit: You can sign up here to receive them every week and during significant storms. tornadoes officially rated F4/EF4 or equivalent, FlintWorcester tornado outbreak sequence, May 1957 Central Plains tornado outbreak sequence, Tornado outbreak sequence of December 1820, 1957, 1985 United States-Canadian tornado outbreak, 2011 FyffeRainsvilleSylvaniaIder, Alabama/Rising Fawn, Georgia tornado, 2011 HintonEl RenoPiedmontGuthrie, Oklahoma tornado, March 1952 Southern United States tornado outbreak, Flint-Worcester tornado outbreak sequence, Late-May 1998 tornado outbreak and derecho, Tornado outbreak sequence of May 2126, 2011, Tornado outbreak sequence of May 2226, 2016, List of F4 and EF4 tornadoes (2020present), List of tornadoes striking downtown areas, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, "Top ten weather stories for 2007: Canada's First F5 Tornado", "A Multiscale Overview of the el Reno, Oklahoma, Tornadic Supercell of 31 May 2013", "Supercell tornadoes are much stronger and wider than damage-based ratings indicate", "F5 and EF5 Tornadoes of the United States", "1998-1999 Tornadoes and a Long-Term U.S. Tornado Climatology", "T. Theodore Fujita: His Contribution to Tornado Knowledge through Damage Documentation and the Fujita Scale", Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 10.1175/1520-0477(2001)000<0063:TTFHCT>2.3.CO;2, "Beschreibung des Orcans, welcher den 29.
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