As an aside, when we toured through the San Francisco Peninsula earlier this year, our guide told us that the natives generally didn't like the name 'Silicon Valley'. Short story taking place on a toroidal planet or moon involving flying, Doubling the cube, field extensions and minimal polynoms. Here Chemistry and Spanish are the proper nouns. You wouldnt normally unless north and south are part of a proper noun (e.g., South Africa). In terms of "human geography", the regions and their subregions are elucidated by the ethnography discipline. Hi, Lynne. The word 'southern' shouldn't be capitalized in a sentence unless it is a proper noun. So, noun will be always first capital letter. If states is being referred to in a general manner, such as There are two senators for each state, then the word states would remain lower case. What about capitalizing a Westerner or a Westerner? We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. There may be disagreement about where the border of Southern California begins, just as there was and is about the border of the Wild West, but the fact that the Los Angeles metropolitan area, Orange County, and San Diego are all located in Southern California is beyond debate. When Should You Capitalize Geographic Regions in the United States? If you are referring to a group of proper nouns such as the Western States. However, if youre referring to a general location, such as the western winds then western should be lowercase. Lowercase to when it functions in an infinitive. When the word state forms the full name of a specific body, you must also capitalize it. Capitalize the first word of every sentence. It's similar to why your name is always capitalized. Lowercase north, south, northeast, northern, and other lowercase letters are used when indicating compass direction. However, the forms bachelor's degree, bachelor's, master's degree and master's are acceptable as general terms. I studied Pisces, a constellation of the North sky, on a cloudless night. In other words, directions can be tricky! Thank you. It was put into effect at first for big businesses, but was then gradually adopted by everyone as a standardized format. Please note that my close-vote reason was 'lack of reasonable signs of research'; I believe that there are differences between the 'northern Europe' example and this one. But, generally, you only need to capitalize a direction in a place name if the direction is a standard part of the places name. Similar is the case with the following set of words: Here are a couple of sentences for further clarity on the matter: When terms such as "southern district" and "western region" are used as names for specific units within an organization, capitalize them. Words Which Should Not Be Capitalized in a Title. The pastor prayed that God should deliver us from our sins. Is north capitalized there? South-Eastern Albania? The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. For example, the "river" is a general noun and not capitalized. Similarly, the European Union is an assortment of multiple countries. "The State Finance Department," for example, is a good example. I often have to write north, west in reference to an entrance or exit, for example, the patron exited through the north turnstile. If you are merely referring to a . Capitalize such words as northern, southern, eastern, and western when they refer to the people in a region or to their political, social, or cultural activities. Note: This post relates to content in the eighth edition of the MLA Handbook. Others may argue that the word simply denotes the direction of the region the individual lives and must not have the capital letter. If you are referring to a group of proper nouns such as " the Southern States ." However, if instead you reference a general location, such as "the southern winds," then the word southern should be lowercase. Q. Hello! The obvious examples of this are countries, states, cities, and other geographical areas: Subscribe to our newsletter and get writing tips from our editors straight to your inbox. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". A region can be a city, town, village, country, continent, or any area that comes under the jurisdiction or administration of a state. You should only capitalize "east" when you are referring to it as the proper noun, such as "in the East" or "in the Middle East". Erin Wright, 20122023. U.S. You should only capitalize directions, such as south, when you are referring to it as the proper noun, such as "in the South." If you are merely referring to a direction, such as "go south on I-90," then you should keep south lowercase. Capitalize common nouns such as party, river and street when they are part of a proper name. Which Teeth Are Normally Considered Anodontia? For example, "western Massachusetts", "northern New Jersey". Lowercase with names of nations (southern France) unless they indicate a political division (South Korea). Should southern be capitalized? The question as to whether something should be considered a name or not is one of style, and as such you should adhere to the discipline of your editor, publication, or organization, or in the absence of a house style, you should adopt a suitable. If a is used, go with prime minister.). Capitalize the Southern California region? North, South, East and West as Proper Nouns You should capitalize North, South, East, and West when theyre part of a proper noun (i.e., the name of a unique thing). Can you drive with a broken front differential? Seasons. In some cases, like country and city names, this is clear. Should I capitalize "the north" and "the south" in my work on the southern campaign of the Revolutionary war? Otherwise, the word should be lowercased, as in "the god of war.". Names of regions should be capitalized if those are proper nouns or denote a country, city, continent, etc. When words like northern, southern, eastern, and western precede a place name, they are not ordinarily capitalized, because they merely indicate general location within a region. Certain public figures get capitalized, but others dont. When they indicate compass direction, lowercase north, south, northeast, and so on, but capitalize when it indicates a region: the West Coast. The word should only be capitalized if it appears in the body's name. How to Export PDF Tables from Adobe Acrobat to Excel (PC & Mac), How to Insert Images into Shapes in Microsoft Word (PC & Mac), How to Align the Periods in Numbered Lists in Microsoft Word (PC & Mac), How to Password Protect Files in Microsoft Word, How to Password Protect PDFs in Adobe Acrobat (PC & Mac). Back East. Capitalize regional terms when they refer to a commonly accepted proper name of an area. Though a direction is a general noun, it could at times be not that straightforward to ascertain whether it's a common noun or a proper noun. It only loosely defines a region of California and its border is not officially defined either. Use the US Postal Services symbol system, which is a two-letter abbreviation that consists of a two-letter abbreviation in which both letters are capitalized and no periods are used when giving an address or in tables or other uses where space is limited. Capitalizing southern and capitalizing south have the same rules. Be consistent (e.g., dont use south England in one part of a document and South England in another if youre referring to the same place). Rule 1. If you are referring to a group of proper nouns such as the Southern States. However, if instead you reference a general location, such as the southern winds, then the word southern should be lowercase. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. 1 The Midwest is the breadbasket of the United States. Just make sure you are consistent with the letter case. I tried to describe the difference in my answer below. (1) often capitalized: of or relating to any of various population groups having dark pigmentation of the skin (black Americans) (2) : of or relating to the African-American people or their culture (black literature) (a black college) (black pride) (black studies) From Merriam-Webster Dictionary Part of the definition for white You capitalize state only when it follows the name of the state, as in New York State is also called the Empire State, or when its part of a traditional name for a state, like Empire State or Lone Star State. When it precedes the name of the state, dont capitalize the word unless its part of a title of . In headlines, the periods are omitted. TimesMojo is a social question-and-answer website where you can get all the answers to your questions. Here are a few sentences with the word "region" in them: If part of a title or headline, the word "region" can be capitalized to conform to title capitalization rules. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. It only takes a minute to sign up. That means that official names of departments and units should be capitalized and not when referring to just a type of department or unit. As a result, noun will always be the first capital letter. Are coca cola and pepsi owned by the same company? The United Kingdom, for instance, is a region that comprises four countries: Scotland, England, Northern Ireland, and Wales. If you are referring to a group of proper nouns such as the Western States. However, if youre referring to a general location, such as the western winds then western should be lowercase. Hi, Kelly. Capitalize a persons title when it precedes the name. CMOS recognizes that common usage and context determine conventional approaches to capitalization in connection with the treatment of certain terms related to regions. Hi, Chris. Capitalize names of organizations, institutions, stores, businesses, teams, political parties, and government bodies. Many scholars now study the global South. The AP Stylebook the guiding stylebook for many news outlets, including The Daily Tar Heel advises against using the Oxford comma in most simple series. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Thus, here are 10 capitalization rules you should know for a well written write-up: Capitalize the first word of every sentence. Capitalize the traditional geographic regions in the United States: the Midwest, the North, the South, the West, and the combined regions (i.e., the Northeast, the Southeast, and the Southwest). Did I miss the memo on this issue? The West Coast has beautiful scenery. Capitalize nouns, pronouns, adjectives, verbs (including phrasal verbs such as play with), adverbs, and subordinate conjunctions. To know what other words you should capitalize, try our free title capitalization tool. the East, the North, the South, the West (of a country) northern, southern, eastern, western (parts of a country) I live to the west of Detroit Michigan. In general, Midwesterners are friendly and down to earth. The direction word makes it a proper noun. What's the difference between a power rail and a signal line? The official USPS postal abbreviation is this format. I don't think there's an established norm for identifying regions of Albania in English (although you might get a different answer if you asked an Albanian, I suppose), but looking at Google Ngrams, "southeastern Albania" seems to be the most common option: https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=southeast+Albania%2Csoutheastern+Albania%2Csouth-east+Albania%2Csouth-eastern+Albania&year_start=1800&year_end=2019&corpus=26&smoothing=3&direct_url=t1%3B%2Csoutheast%20Albania%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Csoutheastern%20Albania%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Csouth%20-%20east%20Albania%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Csouth%20-%20eastern%20Albania%3B%2Cc0 One exception to this rule: common objects with a country or nationality as part of the name ( french fries, scotch whiskey, venetian blinds, and so forth). CMOS looks at what a large relevant tranche of people do; this ultimately defines what is acceptable. In general, midwesterners are friendly and down to earth. You capitalize state only when it follows the name of the state, as in New York State is also called the Empire State, or when its part of a traditional name for a state, like Empire State or Lone Star State. When it precedes the name of the state, dont capitalize the word unless its part of a title of . When does a locational distinction change its suffix and capitialization in a proper name? These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. Thus, here are 10 capitalization rules you should know for a well written write-up: According to most style guides, nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs are capitalized in titles of books, articles, and songs. Does the word federal need to be capitalized? So, should you capitalize regions when writing? I still don't see any "descriptivist argument", much less a strong one. Am I a midwesterner or a Midwesterner? The correct answer is option C. In option A, the word Chemistry is only capitalized leaving the other proper noun in lower case. If it's a general noun such as a river, lake, ocean, etc., the region need not be capitalized. the Deep South. Southern California; West Texas; the Lower East Side of New York; If in doubt, use lowercase. the Southern States the Eastern Seaboard Northern Ireland the Western Hemisphere Thor and Norway are capitalized because they are proper nouns. I work in marketing, and I'm wondering if lowercasing the words "off" and "under" in these headlines is correct: "50% off Body Wash" and "Gift Sets under $40.". Did the Allman Brothers Band play southern rock or Southern rock? Which Is More Stable Thiophene Or Pyridine. Should southern be capitalized? , Capitalize the first word of a quoted sentence. Related, but not duplicates (in my opinion): As definitive as it gets. when they indicate compass direction, but capitalize when they indicate a region: the West Coast. The Starved Rock Lodge offers world-famous Midwestern hospitality in a scenic environment. 2 Do you capitalize state when referring to a state? As an Amazon Associate, CapitalizeMyTitle.com earns from qualifying purchases. The street is named Bolton Avenue. However, a co-author argues that southern should not be capitalized, because it is an adjective, not a noun. seems less related to the usual descriptivist process, more opinion-based. in the southwestern part an eastward direction These words usually do get capitalized when they describe a region of the world or of a country, but there are some exceptions. She moved from the East Coast to the West Coast. 17th ed., U of Chicago P, 2017,www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/book/ed17/part2/ch08/psec047.html. But southerner and northerner are capitalized when they refer to people on either side of the civil war in the United States: Is it "southern California" or "Southern California?". Capitalize the traditional geographic regions in the United States: the Midwest, the North, the South, the West, and the combined regions (i.e., the Northeast, the Southeast, and the Southwest). The basic guidelines for using capital letters in English appear simple enough: Capitalize the first word in a sentence. Unless you are referring to the Four Seasons, there is no reason for seasons to . Some common examples of when you should capitalize north include: down North. Common nouns are the names of things. When youre talking about Americas West Coast or the Middle East, the directional word is also part of a proper name, and it gets a capital letter. Circling back to the "title" rule, if the headline is in sentence case and the word "region" is not the starting word of the title, "region" should be written in lowercase. The AP Stylebook, which is the guiding stylebook for a number of news organizations, including The Daily Tar Heel, advises against using the Oxford comma in most basic series. Check your style guide (if applicable) for advice on specific terms. States should also be abbreviated when used as part of a short-form political affiliation. You would capitalize "Southern" when referring to the people, or their culture, politics, or social activities, e.g., Southern hospitality, Southern cuisine, Southern accents. The state abbreviations are always in the same format: two letter abbreviations where both letters are uppercase and no periods or spaces between each letter. Should compass directions (i.e., north, south, east, and west) ever be capitalized? The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. If youre referring to a collection of proper nouns, such as the Southern States, this is the case. If the writer is referring to the United States and calling it just the States, then states needs to be capitalized. At the most basic level, the standard advice is to lowercase north, south, east and west when used as compass directions and to capitalize them when they are used as part of a proper noun or adjective or refer to regions or geographic areas. Broadly speaking, a region is an area that's divided by: Geographic regions are usually depicted by their not-so-clearly defined, and at times transitory boundaries. It's not a continent, nor is it a country. Do you capitalize north? When there is no proper name, lowercase "mountain", "gorge", "valley", "beach", and other geographical features. However, I was recently advised by someone who I consider to be educated to capitalize "southern" in this context. For example: The words are also not capitalized if they only indicate locations or the climate or geography of a region. However, if you are referring to a general region, such as the east coast of the United States then you should keep the words lowercase. However, as in the case of plant names, animal names are not capitalized ("I spotted a red-tailed hawk," not "I spotted a Red-Tailed Hawk"), except when an element of the name is a proper noun, as in "Steller . The word god is generally not capitalized if it is used to refer to the generic idea of a deity, nor is it capitalized when it refers to multiple gods. It was first put into effect for large businesses, but it was gradually adopted as a standardized format by everyone. So: North Carolina is north of South Carolina and east of West Virginia. But when the term is used in a formal name, it's capitalized, as in "the Hudson River". Capitalize the pronoun. In general, you should capitalize the first word, all nouns, all verbs (even short ones, like is), all adjectives, and all proper nouns. Whether it's an "official" name or not and how well the thing is defined have no bearing whatsoever. Dates. The obvious examples of this are countries, states, cities, and other geographical areas: We study the history of Eastern Europe. This confusion can also be attributed to the fact that certain region names have direction names in their official names, such as "the Middle East". Why do many companies reject expired SSL certificates as bugs in bug bounties? These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. There is room for variation here: if you live in Coventry and youre writing for other Coventry residents, then perhaps writing South Coventry would make sense. As explained in the post, there is no need to capitalize these words when used generically (only when they're part of a proper noun). Not capitalizing when referring to a general direction. Do you know "what is the Western Hemisphere?" Do you capitalize the word state when referring to a state? For example, capitalizing "Southerner" in the sentence "As a Southerner, she had a distinct drawl" can be up for debate. Some authorities also capitalize titles if they immediately follow the name without the word "the.". When referring to a specific region, you should capitalize the words East Coast such as Im traveling to the East Coast since East Coast is a proper noun in this case. 2022 - 2023 Times Mojo - All Rights Reserved The pronoun "I" These are not governed entities, but they are official designations. When a database has been given a proper name, capitalize that name, but do not italicize it or place it inside quote marks. Alternatively, some style guide suggest that all of the main words (i.e. hbspt.cta._relativeUrls=true;hbspt.cta.load(42679, '809ac5c4-ef90-4489-8311-03d2c90632ee', {"useNewLoader":"true","region":"na1"}); Topics: You should capitalize North, South, East, and West when theyre part of a proper noun (i.e., the name of a unique thing). Home | About | Contact | Copyright | Report Content | Privacy | Cookie Policy | Terms & Conditions | Sitemap. The main style guides all agree on this, although . When to capitalize North East south west? What is, In a front-wheel drive setup, theyre what transfers power to the wheels via the transmission or differential (in a rear-wheel drive setup). Note that it doesn't seem to be treated as a compound proper noun (e.g., searching for "Southeastern Albania" produces an error since Ngrams is case sensitive and there don't seem to be any instances of that capitalization in the Google Books database). Why distinguishes money from other assets in the economy. However, it is accepted that these are capitalized when discussing the American Civil War, for example, and, as mentioned in this article in the final Summary section, some style guides prefer north and south to always be capitalized when referring generally to these areas of the United States. Hi, James. Capitalize words that are part of the formal name, but lowercase in less formal uses: he crossed the Hudson River; but: he fell into the river.
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